scbmtБИОМЕДИЦИНАJournal Biomed2074-59822713-0428Scientific center of biomedical technologies of Federal Medical and Biological Agency10.33647/2074-5982-16-3-68-72scbmt-1200Research ArticleДОКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ БИОМЕДИЦИНСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИPRECLINICAL BIOMEDICAL TECHNOLOGIESНекоторые аспекты влияния комбинированного облучения гамма-лучами и ядрами углерода (12C) на серотонинергическую систему мозга крысSome Aspects of the Effect of Combined Irradiation by Gamma-Rays and Carbon Nuclei (12C) on the Serotonergic System in Rat BrainКоханВ. С.KokhanV. S.

Кохан Виктор Сергеевич, к.б.н.

143442, Московская обл., Красногорский р-н, п. Светлые горы, владение 1

Viktor S. Kokhan, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)

143442, Moscow region, Krasnogorsk district, Svetlye gory village, building 1

viktor_kohan@hotmail.comФГБУН «Научный центр биомедицинских технологий Федерального медико-биологического агентства России»РоссияScientific Center of Biomedical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of RussiaRussian Federation2020030920201636872Copyright © Кохан В.С., 20202020Кохан В.С.Kokhan V.S.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.scbmt.ru/jour/article/view/1200

Поток атомных ядер галактического происхождения, обладающих высокой кинетической энергией, несёт существенную угрозу живым организмам за пределами магнитного поля Земли. Удивительно, но ряд наземных исследований с использованием прогрессивных моделей комбинированного облучения выявил позитивные эффекты последнего в отношении функций центральной нервной системы (ЦНС). Молекулярный механизм этого феномена остаётся нераскрытым. Ранее нами была предложена гипотеза о том, что серотонинергическая система может быть вовлечена в реализацию этих эффектов. Настоящее исследование посвящено изучению содержания ряда биомолекул участников серотонинергической нейромедиации в избранных морфологических структурах мозга крыс, подвергнутых комбинированному (γ-лучи и 12С6+) облучению. Повышение содержания кортикального 5-HT2a , выявленное в ходе исследования, может являться ключевым звеном механизмов, ответственных за прокогнитивный эффект умеренных доз ионизирующего излучения.

The atomic nuclei of cosmic rays possessing a high kinetic energy pose a significant threat to living organisms outside the Earth’s magnetic field. However, surprisingly, a series of ground-based studies using progressive models of combined irradiation revealed positive effects of such rays in relation to the functions of the central nervous system. The molecular mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown. We have previously proposed a hypothesis that the serotonergic system may be involved in the realization of these effects. This research investigates the content of a number of biomolecules participating in serotonergic neurotransmission in selected morphological brain structures of rats under combined (γ-rays and 12C6+) irradiation. The revealed increase in 5-HT2a in the prefrontal cortex may be a key link in the mechanism responsible for enhancing cognitive functions under moderate doses of ionizing radiation.

галактические космические лучиуглеродпрефронтальная кора5-HT2a-рецепторпрокогнитивный эффектgalactic cosmic rayscarbonprefrontal cortex5-HT2a receptorcognitive enhancementReferencesCekanaviciute E., Rosi S., Costes S.V. Central Nervous System Responses to Simulated Galactic Cosmic Rays. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018;19(11). DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113669.Cekanaviciute E., Rosi S., Costes S.V. Central Nervous System Responses to Simulated Galactic Cosmic Rays. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018;19(11). DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113669.Collingridge G.L., Volianskis A., Bannister N., France G., Hanna L., Mercier M., et al. The NMDA receptor as a target for cognitive enhancement. Neuropharmacology. 2013;64:13–26. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.06.051.Collingridge G.L., Volianskis A., Bannister N., France G., Hanna L., Mercier M., et al. The NMDA receptor as a target for cognitive enhancement. Neuropharmacology. 2013;64:13–26. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.06.051.Cucinotta F.A., Kim M.H., Chappell L.J., Huff J.L. How safe is safe enough? Radiation risk for a human mission to Mars. PloS One. 2013;8(10):e74988. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074988.Cucinotta F.A., Kim M.H., Chappell L.J., Huff J.L. How safe is safe enough? Radiation risk for a human mission to Mars. PloS One. 2013;8(10):e74988. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074988.Garrett-Bakelman F.E., Darshi M., Green S.J., Gur R.C., Lin L., Macias B.R., et al. The NASA Twins Study: A multidimensional analysis of a year-long human spaceflight. Science. 2019;364(6436). DOI: 10.1126/science.aau8650.Garrett-Bakelman F.E., Darshi M., Green S.J., Gur R.C., Lin L., Macias B.R., et al. The NASA Twins Study: A multidimensional analysis of a year-long human spaceflight. Science. 2019;364(6436). DOI: 10.1126/science.aau8650.Kokhan V.S., Anokhin P.K., Belov O.V., Gulyaev M.V. Cortical Glutamate/GABA Imbalance after Combined Radiation Exposure: Relevance to Human Deep-Space Missions. Neuroscience. 2019;416:295–308. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.08.009.Kokhan V.S., Anokhin P.K., Belov O.V., Gulyaev M.V. Cortical Glutamate/GABA Imbalance after Combined Radiation Exposure: Relevance to Human Deep-Space Missions. Neuroscience. 2019;416:295–308. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.08.009.Kokhan V.S., Lebedeva-Georgievskaya K.B., Kudrin V.S., Bazyan A.S., Maltsev A.V., Shtemberg A.S. An investigation of the single and combined effects of hypogravity and ionizing radiation on brain monoamine metabolism and rats’ behavior. Life Sciences in Space Research. 2019;20:12–19. DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2018.11.003.Kokhan V.S., Lebedeva-Georgievskaya K.B., Kudrin V.S., Bazyan A.S., Maltsev A.V., Shtemberg A.S. An investigation of the single and combined effects of hypogravity and ionizing radiation on brain monoamine metabolism and rats’ behavior. Life Sciences in Space Research. 2019;20:12–19. DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2018.11.003.Letzkus J.J., Wolff S.B., Luthi A. Disinhibition, a Circuit Mechanism for Associative Learning and Memory. Neuron. 2015;88(2):264–276. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.024.Letzkus J.J., Wolff S.B., Luthi A. Disinhibition, a Circuit Mechanism for Associative Learning and Memory. Neuron. 2015;88(2):264–276. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.024.Puig M.V., Gulledge A.T. Serotonin and prefrontal cortex function: neurons, networks, and circuits. Molecular Neurobiology. 2011;44(3):449–464. DOI: 10.1007/s12035-011-8214-0.Puig M.V., Gulledge A.T. Serotonin and prefrontal cortex function: neurons, networks, and circuits. Molecular Neurobiology. 2011;44(3):449–464. DOI: 10.1007/s12035-011-8214-0.Raber J., Marzulla T., Kronenberg A., Turker M.S. (16)Oxygen irradiation enhances cued fear memory in B6D2F1 mice. Life Sci. Space Res. (Amst). 2015;7:61–65. DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2015.10.004.Raber J., Marzulla T., Kronenberg A., Turker M.S. (16)Oxygen irradiation enhances cued fear memory in B6D2F1 mice. Life Sci. Space Res. (Amst). 2015;7:61–65. DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2015.10.004.Sargin D., Jeoung H.S., Goodfellow N.M., Lambe E.K. Serotonin Regulation of the Prefrontal Cortex: Cognitive Relevance and the Impact of Developmental Perturbation. ACS Chem. Neurosci. 2019;10(7):30783093. DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00073.Sargin D., Jeoung H.S., Goodfellow N.M., Lambe E.K. Serotonin Regulation of the Prefrontal Cortex: Cognitive Relevance and the Impact of Developmental Perturbation. ACS Chem. Neurosci. 2019;10(7):30783093. DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00073.Temple M.D., Kosik K.S., Steward O. Spatial learning and memory is preserved in rats after early development in a microgravity environment. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory. 2002;78(2):199–216. DOI: 10.1006/nlme.2001.4049.Temple M.D., Kosik K.S., Steward O. Spatial learning and memory is preserved in rats after early development in a microgravity environment. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory. 2002;78(2):199–216. DOI: 10.1006/nlme.2001.4049.Whoolery C.W., Yun S., Reynolds R.P., Lucero M.J., Soler I., Tran F.H., et al. Multi-domain cognitive assessment of male mice shows space radiation is not harmful to high-level cognition and actually improves pattern separation. Scientific Reports. 2020;10(1):2737. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59419-z.Whoolery C.W., Yun S., Reynolds R.P., Lucero M.J., Soler I., Tran F.H., et al. Multi-domain cognitive assessment of male mice shows space radiation is not harmful to high-level cognition and actually improves pattern separation. Scientific Reports. 2020;10(1):2737. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59419-z.Woodcock E.A., Anand C., Khatib D., Diwadkar V.A., Stanley J.A. Working Memory Modulates Glutamate Levels in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex during (1)H fMRS. Frontiers in Psychiatry / Frontiers Research Foundation. 2018;9:66. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00066.Woodcock E.A., Anand C., Khatib D., Diwadkar V.A., Stanley J.A. Working Memory Modulates Glutamate Levels in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex during (1)H fMRS. Frontiers in Psychiatry / Frontiers Research Foundation. 2018;9:66. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00066.Zhang G., Stackman R.W. Jr. The role of serotonin 5-HT2A receptors in memory and cognition. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2015;6:225. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00225.Zhang G., Stackman R.W. Jr. The role of serotonin 5-HT2A receptors in memory and cognition. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2015;6:225. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00225.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.