scbmtБИОМЕДИЦИНАJournal Biomed2074-59822713-0428Scientific center of biomedical technologies of Federal Medical and Biological Agency10.33647/2074-5982-19-2-27-36scbmt-1473Research ArticleРЕЛЕВАНТНОЕ И АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНОЕ БИОМОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕRELEVANT AND ALTERNATIVE BIOMODELLINGПоловые различия в аддиктивном поведении взрослых крыс: эффекты пренатальной алкоголизацииSex Differences in Addictive Behavior of Adult Rats: Effects of Prenatal Alcohol ExposureАнохинП. К.AnokhinP. K.

Анохин Пётр Константинович – кандидат биологических наук.

119002, Москва, Малый Могильцевский пер., 3

Petr K. Anokhin - Cand. Sci. (Biol.), National Scientific Center for Narcology — Branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health Care of Russia.

119002, Moscow, Maliy Mogiltsevskiy Lane, 3

petranokhin@mail.ruПроскуряковаТ. В.ProskuryakovaT. V.

Проскурякова Татьяна Васильевна - доктор биологических наук.

119002, Москва, Малый Могильцевский пер., 3

Tatyana V. Proskuryakova - Dr. Sci. (Biol.), National Scientific Center for Narcology — Branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health Care of Russia.

119002, Moscow, Maliy Mogiltsevskiy Lane, 3

tproskuryakova48@yandex.ruШохоноваВ. А.ShokhonovaV. A.

Шохонова Вера Алексеевна - кандидат биологических наук.

119002, Москва, Малый Могильцевский пер., 3

Vera A. Shokhonova - Cand. Sci. (Biol.), National Scientific Center for Narcology — Branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health Care of Russia.

119002, Moscow, Maliy Mogiltsevskiy Lane, 3

verash51@rambler.ruКоханВ. С.KokhanV. S.

Кохан Виктор Сергеевич - кандидат биологических наук.

119002, Москва, Малый Могильцевский пер., 3

Victor S. Kokhan - Cand. Sci. (Biol.), National Scientific Center for Narcology — Branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health Care of Russia.

119002, Moscow, Maliy Mogiltsevskiy Lane, 3

victor_kohan@hotmail.comТарабаркоИ. Е.TarabarkoI. E.

Тарабарко Ирина Евгеньевна.

119002, Москва, Малый Могильцевский пер., 3

Irina E. Tarabarko.

119002, Moscow, Maliy Mogiltsevskiy Lane, 3

irkul@mail.ruШамакинаИ. Ю.ShamakinaI. Yu.

Шамакина Инна Юрьевна - кандидат биологических наук.

119002, Москва, Малый Могильцевский пер., 3

Inna Yu. Shamakina - Cand. Sci. (Biol.), National Scientific Center for Narcology — Branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health Care of Russia.

119002, Moscow, Maliy Mogiltsevskiy Lane, 3

shamakina@yahoo.comНациональный научный центр наркологии — филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава РоссииРоссияNational Scientific Center for Narcology — Branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health Care of RussiaRussian Federation2023100620231922736Copyright © Анохин П.К., Проскурякова Т.В., Шохонова В.А., Кохан В.С., Тарабарко И.Е., Шамакина И.Ю., 20232023Анохин П.К., Проскурякова Т.В., Шохонова В.А., Кохан В.С., Тарабарко И.Е., Шамакина И.Ю.Anokhin P.K., Proskuryakova T.V., Shokhonova V.A., Kokhan V.S., Tarabarko I.E., Shamakina I.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.scbmt.ru/jour/article/view/1473

Употребление алкоголя во время беременности является одним из факторов риска неврологических, нервно-психических дисфункций и аддиктивного поведения у потомства, однако биологические основы этих эффектов пренатальной алкоголизации (ПА) до сих пор плохо изучены. Принимая во внимание, что экстрагипоталамическая система кортикотропин-рилизинг фактора (corticotropin-releasing factor, CRF) играет ключевую роль в регуляции аффективного состояния на фоне употреблении алкоголя и его отмены, целью настоящего исследования было изучение: 1) влияния ПА на добровольное потребление алкоголя взрослыми крысами Wistar в режиме постоянного или «прерывистого» («питьё в темноте») доступа; 2) различий в базальных уровнях экспрессии мРНК CRF и его рецептора CRFR1 в миндалине взрослых ПА и контрольных крыс; 3) влияния добровольного потребления алкоголя взрослым потомством на уровень мРНК CRF и CRFR1 в миндалине. В обеих моделях алкоголизации у самцов, но не у самок, с ПА было обнаружено значимое увеличение добровольного потребления алкоголя по сравнению с соответствующими контрольными группами. Через 24 ч после первого эпизода отмены только у самцов с ПА отмечался более высокий уровень тревожности в тесте «светлая/тёмная камера». Базальные уровни мРНК CRF и CRFR1 в миндалине не различались между ПА и контрольными крысами обоих полов. При употреблении алкоголя у ПА и контрольных самцов также не было выявлено различий в уровне мРНК CRF в миндалине. У самок с ПА уровень мРНК CRF был снижен по сравнению с контрольной группой на фоне отсутствия тревожно-подобного поведения и увеличения потребления этанола. Таким образом, полученные данные показали, что эффект ПА на потребление алкоголя в будущем зависит от пола, но не связан с нарушением экспрессии мРНК CRF и CRFR1 в миндалине.

Alcohol experienced during gestation is associated with the development of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric dysfunctions, as well as addictive behavior in the offspring. However, the biological basis of these effects remains poorly understood. Taking into account that the extrahypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system plays an important role in regulation of the negative emotional state produced by alcohol abuse and withdrawal, the present study was aimed at investigating: 1) the effect of prenatal alcohol exposure (PA) on voluntary alcohol drinking (free choice 24 hours/day) or intermittent (“drinking in the dark”) regimen in adult Wistar rats; 2) differences in the basal gene expression levels of CRF and CRF-R1 in amygdala of adult PA and control rats; and 3) the effect of voluntary alcohol drinking on the above mRNA levels. PA males displayed a significantly greater voluntary alcohol intake than control males as observed by both drinking paradigms. 24 hours after the first withdrawal episode, PA males demonstrated a higher level of anxiety in the light-dark box test. No differences were found between PA and control females. Basal amygdalar CRF and CRFR1 mRNA levels did not differ between PA and control rats of both sexes. No difference was observed in the amygdalar CRF and CRFR1 mRNA levels after alcohol drinking in PA and control males. Conversely, the CRF mRNA levels in amygdala of PA female rats decreased under the action of alcohol consumption, compared to control female rats. The results show that the PA effect on future alcohol-related behavior is sex-specific, but do not support the hypothesis that changes in CRF and CRFR1 mRNA levels in amygdala may be responsible for high alcohol intake in males.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.