scbmtБИОМЕДИЦИНАJournal Biomed2074-59822713-0428Scientific center of biomedical technologies of Federal Medical and Biological Agency10.33647/2074-5982-20-2-66-94scbmt-1585Research ArticleМЕТОДЫ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ БИОМЕДИЦИНСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙMETHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES OF BIOMEDICAL RESEARCHСистемные нормированные гамма-осцилляции структур головного мозга: фармакологический анализ нейрохимических и метаболических процессовSystem Normalized Gamma Oscillations of Brain Structures: Pharmacological Analysis of Neurochemical and Metabolic ProcessesКаркищенкоН. Н.KarkischenkoN. N.

Каркищенко  Николай  Николаевич,  д.м.н., проф.,  акад.  РАРАН,  чл.-корр.  РАН

143442, Московская обл., Красногорский р-н, п. Светлые горы, 1

Nikolay N. Karkischenko, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Academician  of  the  Russian Academy  of  Rocket and Artillery  Sciences,  Corresponding  Member of  the Russian  Academy  of  Sciences

143442, Moscow Region, Krasnogorsk District, Svetlye Gory Village, 1

niknik2808@yandex.ruФокинЮ. В.FokinYu. V.

Фокин Юрий Владимирович, к.б.н.

143442, Московская обл., Красногорский р-н, п. Светлые горы, 1

Yuriy V.  Fokin,  Cand.  Sci.  (Biol.)

143442, Moscow Region, Krasnogorsk District, Svetlye Gory Village, 1

fokin@scbmt.ruХаритоновС. Ю.KharitonovS. Yu.

Харитонов Сергей Юрьевич

143442, Московская обл., Красногорский р-н, п. Светлые горы, 1

Sergey Yu. Kharitonov

143442, Moscow Region, Krasnogorsk District, Svetlye Gory Village, 1

zetroks5@gmail.comФГБУН «Научный центр биомедицинских технологий ФМБА России»РоссияScientific Center of Biomedical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of RussiaRussian Federation2024230720242026694Copyright © Каркищенко Н.Н., Фокин Ю.В., Харитонов С.Ю., 20242024Каркищенко Н.Н., Фокин Ю.В., Харитонов С.Ю.Karkischenko N.N., Fokin Y.V., Kharitonov S.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.scbmt.ru/jour/article/view/1585

Системное изучение γ-осцилляций выполнено на крысах с хронически имплантированными электродами в прореальную извилину, соматосенсорную кору, дорзальный гиппокамп и гипоталамус. Регистрация и детекция электрограмм головного мозга (ЭГМ) осуществлялась с помощью оригинального программно-аппаратного модуля. Линейные диаграммы строились с помощью устройства QMS17 в частотной полосе 60–250 Гц и более. Математический анализ, нормализация и нормирование рядов γ-ритмов при действии гамма-аминомасляной кислоты (ГАМК), ацетилхолина (АЦХ) и  инсулина относительно аналогичных фоновых рядов были выполнены двойным дискретно-временным преобразованием Фурье и функцией арктангенса двойного угла, которые позволяют извлечь релевантную информацию из крайне малых (1–2 μV) значений γ-осцилляций. Накопление исследуемых веществ — введением фармакологических средств Аминалон (ГАМК), Галантамин (АЦХ), Инсулин  липосомированный.  Верификация  плазменной  концентрации  исследованных средств осуществлялась методом ВЭЖХ и математическим моделированием. Нормированные ЭГМ (НЭМ) отражали интрацентральные механизмы действия тестируемых средств, характеризующиеся стабильностью картины в состояния покоя животных и при действии Аминалона, Галантамина и Инсулина на пике их плазменной концентрации (по параметрам фармакокинетики). γ-активность головного мозга поддерживается на системном уровне. Блокада γ-осцилляций в лобном полюсе приводит к   их активации в сопряжённых структурах головного мозга: гипоталамусе, ретикулярной формации, хвостатом ядре и др. При действии Аминалона наблюдались тотальные депримирующие эффекты на  всём анализируемом диапазоне в заднем ядре гипоталамуса и прореальной извилине, а  также активирующие эффекты на частотном диапазоне 60–75 Гц в передней супрасильвиевой извилине; при действии Галантамина — частичные депримирующие эффекты в гиппокампе и гипоталамусе на частотах около 60–65, 95–105 и 150 Гц; при действии Инсулина липосомированного — частичные активирующие эффекты в передней супрасильвиевой извилине и в дорзальном гиппокампе на частотном диапазоне 60–85 Гц.

A systematic study of γ-oscillations was carried out using rats with chronically implanted electrodes in the proreal gyrus, somatosensory cortex, dorsal hippocampus, and hypothalamus. Brain electrograms (BE) were recorded and investigated using an original software and hardware module. Linear diagrams were constructed using a QMS17 device in a frequency range of 60–250 Hz or greater. A mathematical analysis, normalization, and rationing of the series of γ-rhythms under the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine (ACC), and insulin relative to similar background series were performed by double discrete-time Fourier transform and double angle arctangent function, which allowed us to extract relevant information from extremely small (1–2 μV) values of γ-oscillations. The accumulation of the substances under study was achieved by introducing the Aminalon (GABA), Galantamine (ACC), and liposomal Insulin pharmaceuticals. The plasma concentrations of the studied drugs were verified by HPLC and mathematical modeling. The normalized BE (NBE) reflected the intracentral mechanisms of action of the tested drugs, which were characterized by a stable picture in the resting state of the animals and under the action of Aminalon, Galantamine, and Insulin at the peak of their plasma concentrations (according to pharmacokinetic parameters). The γ-activity of the brain is maintained at the systemic level. Blockade of γ-oscillations in the frontal pole leads to their activation in the associated brain structures: the hypo-thalamus, reticular formation, caudate nucleus, etc. Under the influence of Aminalon, the total depressive effects were observed over the entire analyzed range in the posterior nucleus of the hypothalamus and proreal gyrus, as well as activating effects in the frequency range 60–75 Hz in the anterior suprasylvian gyrus. Under the action of Galantamine, partial depressive effects in the hippocampus and hypothalamus were observed at   frequencies of about 60–65, 95–105, and 150 Hz. Under the action of liposomal Insulin, partial activating effects were noted in the anterior suprasylvian gyrus and in the dorsal hippocampus in the frequency range of 60–85 Hz.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.