scbmtБИОМЕДИЦИНАJournal Biomed2074-59822713-0428Scientific center of biomedical technologies of Federal Medical and Biological Agency10.33647/2074-5982-20-3-94-99scbmt-1612Research ArticleДОКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В БИОМЕДИЦИНЕNON-CLINICAL RESEARCH IN BIOMEDICINEN-карбамоилглутамат профилактирует интоксикацию аммиака у поросят со сниженной функциональной массой печениN-Carbamoyl Glutamate Prevents Ammonia Intoxication in Piglets with Reduced Liver FunctionОстренкоК. С.OstrenkoK. S.

Остренко Константин Сергеевич, д.б.н.

249013, Калужская обл., Боровск, п. Институт

Konstantin S. Ostrenko, Dr. Sci. (Biol.)

249013, Kaluga Region, Borovsk, Institut Village

Ostrenkoks@gmail.comВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных — филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр животноводства — ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. Эрнста»РоссияAll-Russian Research Institute of Physiology, Biochemistry and Animal Nutrition — Branch of the Federal Scientific Centre of Animal Husbandry — All-Russian Institute of Animal Husbandry named after Academician L.K. ErnstRussian Federation2024111120242039499Copyright © Остренко К.С., 20242024Остренко К.С.Ostrenko K.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.scbmt.ru/jour/article/view/1612

Конечным продуктом катаболизма белка является аммиак, который оказывает угнетающее воздействие на нейроны. Обезвреживание аммиака у млекопитающих происходит в орнитиновом цикле, регуляция активности которого в основном осуществляется на уровне синтеза N-карбамоилфосфата. Цикл Кребса сопряжён с орнитиновым циклом через общий субстрат — аргининсукцинат, поэтому эффекты нейтрализации аммиака, процессы аминокислотного и энергетического обмена в значительной степени взаимосвязаны. Цель данного исследования — оценить эффективность применения добавки N-карбамоилглутамата для оптимизации обменных процессов и повышения нейтрализации аммиака у поросят-сосунов. Опыт проведён на двух группах поросят (n=15), сформированных в суточном возрасте. Водный раствор препарата выпаивали опытной группе в дозе 10 мг/кг массы тела однократно ежедневно. Продолжительность скармливания добавки — 30 сут, среднесуточный прирост живой массы определяли при отъёме в возрасте 30 сут. Анализ биохимического состава крови проведён на 30-е сут от начала опыта. По окончании скармливания добавки в опытной группе выявлено снижение содержания аммиака (р<0,05) и мочевины в плазме крови, увеличение концентрации аргинина (р<0,05) и триацилглицеролов (р<0,05) в сравнении с контрольной группой. Заключили, что применение добавки N-карбамоилглутамата способствует эндогенной продукции незаменимой аминокислоты аргинина, нейтрализации аммиака, образующегося в метаболических процессах, а также экономии затрат метаболической энергии на связывание аммиака в цикле мочевинообразования.

Ammonia as the end product of protein catabolism has a depressing effect on neurons. Ammonia neutralization in mammals occurs in the ornithine cycle, the activity of which is regulated mainly at the level of synthesis of N-Carbamoyl phosphate. The Krebs cycle is coupled with the ornithine cycle through a common substrate—arginine succinate. Therefore, the effects of ammonia neutralization and the processes of amino acid and energy metabolism are largely interrelated. This study is aimed at evaluating the  efficacy of an N-carbamoyl glutamate additive in terms of optimizing metabolic processes and improving ammonia neutralization in suckling piglets. The experiment was conducted on two groups of piglets (n=15) formed at the age of 24 hours. Piglets in the experimental group were fed with an aqueous solution of the drug at  a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight once daily. The duration of feeding the supplement was 30 days; the average daily gain in body weight was determined at weaning at the age of 30 days. An analysis of the blood biochemical composition was carried out on the 30th day from the onset of the experiment. At the end of feeding the supplement in the experimental group, a decrease in the content of ammonia (p<0.05) and urea in blood plasma, an increase in the concentration of arginine (p<0.05) and triacylglycerols (p<0.05) in comparison with the control group was revealed. The N-carbamoyl glutamate additive under study stimulates the endogenous production of the arginine essential amino acid, neutralizes ammonia formed in metabolic processes, and optimizes the amount of metabolic energy spent on binding ammonia in the urea cycle.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.