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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">scbmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">БИОМЕДИЦИНА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Biomed</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-5982</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-0428</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific center of biomedical technologies of Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33647/2074-5982-22-1-48-59</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">scbmt-1830</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА И ЭПИГЕНЕТИКА ЖИВОТНЫХ-БИОМОДЕЛЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS AND EPIGENETICS OF ANIMALS-BIOMODELS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние введения мезенхимальных и нейральных экзосом на двигательную активность и метаболизм дофамина у мышей с моделью болезни Паркинсона, индуцированной 1-метил-4-фенил-1,2,3,6-тетрагидропиридином</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of Mesenchymal and Neural Exosome Administration on Motor Activity and Dopamine Metabolism in a Mouse Model of 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Induced Parkinson’s disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руденок</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudenok</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Руденок Маргарита Максимовна, к.б.н.</p><p>123182, Российская Федерация, Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita M. Rudenok, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>123182, Russian Federation, Moscow, Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rudenokmm.img@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ратушняк</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ratushnyak</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ратушняк Мария Григорьевна, к.б.н.</p><p>123182, Российская Федерация, Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marya G. Ratushnyak, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>123182, Russian Federation, Moscow, Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 1 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ratushnyak_marya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенова Екатерина Игоревна, к.б.н.</p><p>123182, Российская Федерация, Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina I. Semenova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>123182, Russian Federation, Moscow, Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">semyonovak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыболовлев</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybolovlev</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыболовлев Иван Никитич</p><p>123182, Российская Федерация, Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan N. Rybolovlev</p><p>123182, Russian Federation, Moscow, Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bobrybolov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Партевян</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Partevyan</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Партевян Сюзанна Артуровна</p><p>123182, Российская Федерация, Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Suzanna A. Partevyan </p><p>123182, Russian Federation, Moscow, Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.partev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукашевич</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukashevich</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лукашевич Мария Витальевна</p><p>123182, Российская Федерация, Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Lukashevich </p><p>123182, Russian Federation, Moscow, Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">farouki@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапошникова</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaposhnikova</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шапошникова Дарья Алексеевна</p><p>123182, Российская Федерация, Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria A. Shaposhnikova</p><p>123182, Russian Federation, Moscow, Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Shaposhnikova_DA@nrcki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестеров</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нестеров Максим Сергеевич</p><p>143442, Российская Федерация, Московская обл., Красногорский р-н, п. Светлые горы, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim S. Nesterov</p><p>143442, Russian Federation, Moscow Region, Krasnogorsk District, Svetlye Gory Village, 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mdulya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абаимов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abaimov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абаимов Денис Александрович, к.б.н</p><p>125367, Российская Федерация, Москва, Волоколамское ш., 80 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis A. Abaimov, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>125367, Russian Federation, Moscow, Volokolamskoye Shosse, 80</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abaidenis@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сломинский</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Slominsky</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сломинский Петр Андреевич, д.б.н.</p><p>123182, Российская Федерация, Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr A. Slominsky, Dr. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>123182, Russian Federation, Moscow, Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">paslominsky@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шадрина</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shadrina</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шадрина Мария Игоревна, д.б.н., </p><p>123182, Российская Федерация, Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria I. Shadrina, Dr. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>123182, Russian Federation, Moscow, Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maria.i.shadrina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиева</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alieva</surname><given-names>A. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алиева Анеля Ханларовна, к.б.н.</p><p>123182, Российская Федерация, Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anelya Kh. Alieva, Cand. Sci. (Biol.) </p><p>123182, Russian Federation, Moscow, Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anelja.a@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный исследовательский центр «Курчатовский институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Научный центр биомедицинских технологий ФМБА России»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Center of Biomedical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Российский центр неврологии и нейронаук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Сenter for Neurology and Neurosciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Руденок М.М., Ратушняк М.Г., Семенова Е.И., Рыболовлев И.Н., Партевян С.А., Лукашевич М.В., Шапошникова Д.А., Нестеров М.С., Абаимов Д.А., Сломинский П.А., Шадрина М.И., Алиева А.Х., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Руденок М.М., Ратушняк М.Г., Семенова Е.И., Рыболовлев И.Н., Партевян С.А., Лукашевич М.В., Шапошникова Д.А., Нестеров М.С., Абаимов Д.А., Сломинский П.А., Шадрина М.И., Алиева А.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rudenok M.M., Ratushnyak M.G., Semenova E.I., Rybolovlev I.N., Partevyan S.A., Lukashevich M.V., Shaposhnikova D.A., Nesterov M.S., Abaimov D.A., Slominsky P.A., Shadrina M.I., Alieva A.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.scbmt.ru/jour/article/view/1830">https://journal.scbmt.ru/jour/article/view/1830</self-uri><abstract><p>Болезнь Паркинсона (БП) представляет собой прогрессирующее нейродегенеративное заболевание, ключевым патогенетическим проявлением которого является гибель дофаминергических нейронов чёрной субстанции и выраженное снижение уровня дофамина в стриатуме. Длительный скрытый доклинический период и невозможность прямого исследования процессов в головном мозге затрудняют анализ ранних этапов нейродегенерации и поиск эффективных терапевтических подходов. В последние годы растёт интерес к экзосомам, секретируемым стволовыми клетками, — внеклеточным везикулам, способным переносить биологически активные молекулы и преодолевать гематоэнцефалический барьер. Однако их влияние на изменения в функционировании дофаминергической системы при БП изучено недостаточно. В настоящей работе оценено действие экзосом, выделенных из культуральной среды, кондиционированной нейральными (НСК) и мезенхимальными (МСК) стволовыми клетками мыши, на двигательную активность и метаболизм дофамина в стриатуме при моделировании ранней симптомной стадии БП, индуцированной 1-метил-4-фенил-1,2,3,6-тетрагидропиридином (МФТП). Анализ поведения мышей в тесте «Открытое поле» показал, что введение МФТП вызывает изменения двигательной активности, соответствующие ранним паркинсон-подобным нарушениям. Интраназальное введение экзосом частично нормализовало параметры поведения, причём экзосомы МСК оказывали более выраженное влияние на двигательную активность. Биохимический анализ показал снижение уровня дофамина и его метаболитов (диоксифенилуксусная кислота (ДОФУК), 3-метокситирамин (3-МТ), гомованилиновая кислота (ГВК)) после введения МФТП. Экзосомы обоих типов частично предотвращали эти изменения, при этом экзосомы НСК влияли на уровни дофамина и ДОФУК более эффективно. Полученные данные демонстрируют, что экзосомы НСК и МСК способны ослаблять ранние биохимические изменения и нарушения поведения при МФТП-индуцированной БП, что обосновывает перспективность их использования в качестве кандидатов для нейропротекторной терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and a profound dopamine depletion in the striatum. The long preclinical latency period and the inability to directly investigate brain processes impede the analysis of early neurodegeneration and the search for effective therapeutic strategies. In recent years, increasing attention has focused on stem cell-derived exosomes — extracellular vesicles capable of transporting bioactive molecules and penetrating the blood-brain barrier. However, their impact on functional changes in the dopaminergic system in PD remains insufficiently explored. This study evaluated how exosomes isolated from mouse neural (NSC) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) conditioned media affect motor activityand striatal dopamine metabolism in a model of early-stage symptomatic PD induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Behavior analysis in the open field test revealed that MPTP administration induced motor changes consistent with early Parkinsonian-like impairments. Intranasal administration of exosomes partially normalized these behavioral parameters, with MSC-derived exosomes exhibiting a more pronounced effect on motor activity. Biochemical analysis revealed a depletion of dopamine and its metabolites (dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT), homovanillic acid (HVA)) following MPTP administration. Both types of exosomes partially prevented these changes, with NSC-derived exosomes having a stronger effect on dopamine and DOPAC levels. These findings demonstrate that NSC- and MSC-derived exosomes can mitigate early behavioral and biochemical impairments in MPTP-induced PD, highlighting their potential as candidates for neuroprotective therapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экзосомы</kwd><kwd>модель болезни Паркинсона</kwd><kwd>мезенхимальные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>нейральные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>МФТП</kwd><kwd>нейропротекторы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>exosomes</kwd><kwd>Parkinson’s disease model</kwd><kwd>mesenchymal stem cells</kwd><kwd>neural stem cells</kwd><kwd>MPTP</kwd><kwd>neuroprotective agents</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-25-00073</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 25-25-00073.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Посыпанова Г.А., Ратушняк М.Г., Семочкина Ю.П., Абишева А.А., Москалева Е.Ю. 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