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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">scbmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">БИОМЕДИЦИНА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Biomed</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-5982</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-0428</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific center of biomedical technologies of Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">scbmt-891</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нанобезопасность: новые подходы к оценке рисков и
токсичности наноматериалов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каркищенко</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Научный центр биомедицинских технологий РАМН, Москва</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каркищенко Н.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каркищенко Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Каркищенко Н.Н.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.scbmt.ru/jour/article/view/891">https://journal.scbmt.ru/jour/article/view/891</self-uri><abstract><p>Уникальные свойства наночастиц ограничивают возможности прогнозов, которые мо-
гут быть сделаны из наших знаний о больших веществах. Необходимо собирать ин-
формацию о размерах частиц, их структуре и квантово-механических механизмах, а
также о функциях, способности взаимодействовать с протеинами и тканями. Необхо-
димы тесты in vitro для определения безопасности или рисков от использования нано-
частиц, выяснения их избирательной токсичности и токсикокинетики. Присоединение к
фуллеренам С60 пиридинов и пиримидинов усиливало их избирательную нейротропную
активность, но в 3-5 раз повышало их общую токсичность. Опыты in vitro должны стать
основой для лучшего предсказания возможной токсичности наночастиц и снижения
числа использованных животных. Необходимы применение гетерогенных и генномо-
дифицированных линий животных, переход от моделей-животных к животным моделям
и использование компьютерного моделирования в нанобиотехнологиях.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нанориски</kwd><kwd>наномишени</kwd><kwd>фуллерены</kwd><kwd>избирательная нанотоксич- ность</kwd><kwd>биомоделирование нанопроцессов</kwd><kwd>модели животных</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каркищенко Н.Н. Классические и альтернативные модели лекарствен- ной токсикологии. // Биомедицина № 4, с. 5-23, 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Каркищенко Н.Н. Классические и альтернативные модели лекарствен- ной токсикологии. // Биомедицина № 4, с. 5-23, 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каркищенко Н.Н. Альтернативы биомедицины. Т.1. 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