The peculiarities of the influence of peptide bioregulators of thymalin, thymogen, cortexin, epithalamin and prostatylene on the resistance of small laboratory animals to extreme hypoxia influences, high and low temperatures of the external environment are considered. It is shown that peptide preparations in a wide range of doses exert a different degree of positive influence on the level of resistance of the animal organism to extreme influences. The most universal activity is possessed by epithalamin and thymogen.

A scheme for immunizing mini-pigs of the Svetlogorsk population with morphine derivatives conjugated to bovine serum albumin is proposed. Morphine specificity of antibodies isolated from the immune serum is shown to be specific. Antibodies in the blood of the test animal persisted for a year. Observations of the condition of the animal immunized with morphine derivatives did not reveal any deviations in its development and psychoemotional state.

The deposition of α-synuclein (α-Syn) in the peripheral nervous system precedes the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease and is considered as a pathological sign and biomarker. However, data on the localization of α-Syn in the intact nervous system require clarification for the future development of experimental models and diagnostic tests. Localization of α-Syn and its the remainder of serine 129 phosphorylated form in peripheral nervous system of intact rats were studied by immunohistochemistry with use of different commercially available antibodies. α-Syn were found in presynaptic terminals of spinal dorsal horn, neuronal somata of prevertebral ganglia, nerve plexuses of vascular wall and GFAP-negative glial cells. Different antibodies to phosphorylated α-Syn shown uneven binding. Staining of processes, somata or nuclei of certain dorsal root ganglia neurons were found. No one of used antibodies detected small nociceptive IB4-positive neurons. The ambiguity of the obtained results can be related both to the different availability of epitopes detected by antibodies as a result of α-Syn interactions with other proteins, and with non-specific binding of antibodies to unidentified targets.

In non-linear rats, the β-adrenoreactivity of erythrocytes (β-ARE) and M-cholinoreactivity of erythrocytes (M-CRE) were determined from the degree of inhibition of hyposmotic hemolysis in the incubation medium, respectively, with anaprilin and atropine, parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) on the hardware-software complex "Varicard". Mean values and ranges of β-ARE variation were established (44.2 ± 1.0, from 11 to 84 rel. units), M-CRE (9.2 ± 0.4, from 1.5 to 18 rel. units). Using the method of clustering, it was revealed that among non-linear rats, individuals with average (32.9-50.0 rel. units) and high (>50 rel. units) values of β-ARE (up to 85% of the population) predominate, but with low (1.7-7.6 rel. units) and average (7.9-14.2 rel. units) values of M-CRE (up to 75% of the population). Rats with low β-ARE and M-CRE are characterized by a higher heart rate, high centralization of control at low HF-wave power. β-ARE and M-CRE intact rats are weakly correlated, form different strengths, but mainly weak bonds, with HRV parameters, are more closely related to the stress and wave power index of the HRV spectrum than to the frequency of a cardiac rhythm. Factor analysis of β-ARE, M-CRE and HRV parameters revealed 4 information factors, of which F1, F3 and F4 are mainly formed by HRV, and factor F2 - by erythrocyte reactivity, especially β-ARE, М-CRE correlates with F1 and F4. Therefore, β-ARE and M-CRE can act as factor-forming indices in the characterization of regulatory influences. The determination of β-ARE and M-CRE in complex with HRV parameters can significantly supplement the idea of changes in regulatory influences at the level of cell membranes in the organization of biomedical studies using laboratory animals.

The aim of the study was comparative estimation of the changes of oxidative metabolism and crystallogenic properties of blood plasma under processing with cold helium plasma and non-ionized helium flow. We studied the influence of microwave-generating cold plasma on the specimens of whole human blood. The exposure time was 1 and 3 min. Before processing all blood specimens were divided into 5 portions. First portion was control (without any manipulations), second and third portion were treated with cold plasma, fourth and fifth ones were sparged with non-ionized helium flow. In all portions we estimated the parameters of oxidative metabolism and crystallogenic activity. It was stated that cold helium plasma and non-ionized helium modified these parameters under blood processing in vitro. For cold helium plasma this effect was realized by stimulation of antioxidant activity and crystallogenic properties of blood plasma. In opposite, non-ionized helium flow had prooxidant effect and demonstrated the inhibition of biological fluid crystallization. Our data showed that most optimal time for blood processing with cold plasma is 1 min.

In the structure of morbidity and mortality worldwide, the leading positions are occupied by cerebrovascular diseases, the leading among which are ischemic brain damage. Cerebral ischemia is a severe neurodegenerative condition that, depending on the affected area, can interfere with the realization of cognitive and motor functions of the central nervous system. Even short-term cerebral ischemia leads to its deep damage. The key links in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia are the lack of oxygenation of neurons, inhibition of aerobic activity in the brain and activation of the anaerobic pathway for glucose utilization, decreased energy production, disruption of transport of potential-determining ions, changes in the acid-base state, excitotoxicity, activation of the inflammatory process, oxidative and nitrosative stress, apoptosis. These processes cannot be modeled in vitro, and most of the studies of brain pathology of ischemic genesis are carried out on animals. Adequate models of cerebral ischemia contribute to detailing their pathogenesis and allow us to study the dynamics of adaptive mechanisms, which serves as a fundamental basis for improving the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this pathology. The literature presents a variety of methods that allow the simulation of cerebral ischemia of varying degrees and different pathogenetic variants. Complete (total) cerebral ischemia is achieved by decapitation, cardiac arrest or occlusion of the aorta or hollow vein, incomplete (subtotal) ischemia - by occlusion of both common carotid arteries against intracranial hypertension, partial ischemia - by occlusion of the common carotid artery, focal ischemia - by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery or its embolism by macrospheres, multifocal cerebral ischemia - by multiple embolism microspheres. This review is devoted to the analysis and systematization of literature data on the modeling of cerebral ischemia and the description of structural and metabolic disorders of the neocortex and hippocampus neurons. The degree of expression of these changes act as markers of the depth of hypoxic damage and the effectiveness of the methods used to correct them.

The aim of this paper is to develop mathematical models capable of simulating the hypoxanthine metabolism in vivo : hypoxanthine incorporation in the liver, its salvage pathway, the regulation of this process by mononucleotides and by phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate. Experiments were performed in male rats exposed to 6,5 min asphyxia with following resuscitation. Rats euthanized in 30 min, 6 h, 24 h, 3 days, 7 days and 21 days after resuscitation were compared with control animals. Authors conclude from mathematical modeling that the activity of liver hypoxanthine/guanine phosphoribosyltransferase in situ is regulated by the availability of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate. The hypoxanthine inclusion in salvage pathway (¹⁴C-hypoxanthine incorporation in nucleoside monophosphates,¹⁴C-hypoxanthine incorporation in nucleoside di- and triphosphates) was not influenced in situ by mononucleotides level.

The anti-inflammatory activity of glycosylated polypeptide complex (GPC) extracted from sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis was studied in the model of acute bronchitis induced by a cigarette smoke in rats. The experiment was performed in Wistar male rats. All animals were divided into six groups: four experimental, one control and one intact group. Animals in experimental groups were inhalated by GPC at 25, 50 and 100 μg/kg and also by a reference drug Ambrobene in 3.6 mg/kg, once a day, starting from the 14^th day from acute bronchitis induction and during the following 14 days. Pathology induction was performed by an exposure to a cigarette smoke using special equipment. Hematological analysis, bronchopulmonary lavage cell composition and histological study of the left lung tissue at the level of the middle third (lung hilum) were used as the criteria for evaluation. GPC at all tested doses reduced the number of leukocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by 58%, and at 50 and 100 μg/kg reduced the number of leukocytes in blood by 44% compared to control group. Microscopic observation of bronchial tissue evidenced about a dose-dependent reduction of bronchi thickness after administration of GPC. Maximal thickness reduction was observed at 100 μg/kg and reached 61% comparing with control group.

The influence of the new diethylaminoethanol derivative on the neurological deficit in rats after traumatic brain injury in the model «Controlled cortical impact injury» was evaluated. It was found, that damage of sensorimotor cortex cause the steady neurologic deficit in rats, which is mostly pronounced on the first day after the operation with the gradient improvement of condition of animals during the next days. Also, neuroprotective properties of the studying agent were compared with existing analogues. The usе of the new diethylaminoethanol compound in traumatized rats led to improvement of hindlimb and forelimb motor function, which are situated contralaterally to the damaged area of the brain. Also the overall movement activity and research-exploratory activity were normalized.