Insufficient informativeness of the results of standard encephalography prompts the creation of new approaches to the detection and analysis of the bioelectrical activity of the brain according to the parameters of electrograms (EG). Based on the concept of rationing the results obtained after exposure, the results of background measurements, using mathematical methods of analysis, developed a micromodule, which includes an amplifier of biopotentials, microcircuits controlling the operation of electronic devices, and original software. With the help of electrode constructions chronically implanted in prescribed areas of the brain and a micromodule, the EG of the most important brain regions were analyzed. Results have been obtained that reflect the preferential increase in the frequency-spectral characteristics of the EG when using new neuropsychotics with depriming effect in the caudate nucleus and cingulate gyrus, a decrease in the spectral power over the entire frequency range in the cerebral cortex, polyphase changes in the power of the frequencies in the posterior hypothalamus core with elements of increase and decrease power of the analyzed frequency ranges. Against the background of the use of these medicines, the threshold values of the sensitivity of the brain to electro-irritation change, and the range of their transformations is much wider than in background measurements. Different animals and drugs are characterized in general by similar operant behavioral reactions, which allow to evaluate the observed trends reflecting the effects of the drugs used. It has been shown that the caudate nucleus of the brain forms and controls stimulating reactions, and the cortex, the posterior nucleus of the hypothalamus and the end brain - inhibitory processes. Thus, when induced brain stimulation of areas of the brain and the use of pharmacological neuropsychotics with depriming effect, variations in the threshold values of sensitivity and corresponding behavioral responses characterizing changes in the intracentral relations of the brain of animals are observed. These changes correlate with brain electrograms, which increases the adequacy and reliability of the results of research of intracentral relations.

The work is devoted to the search and research of new biomodels of metabolic syndrome. Mouse line NZB and CC57Br was investigated like as new biomodel of metabolic syndrome by clinical, biochemical, and morphological methods of analysis, which reproduce the course of the development of the metabolic syndrome and the corresponding pathogenetic, functional and structural changes in the body. It was established that C57Bl/KsLepr^db/+ line of mice can be used as the metabolic syndrome biomodel from the first to the third month of life, NZB and CC57Br mice - starting from the sixth month. Animals of the NZB line have a higher level of glucose and HbA1c, as well as more pronounced obesity, however, aggressiveness was noted in this line compared to animals of the CC57Br.

The article presents an analysis of some changes occurring in laboratory mice after modeling of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by 6-month feeding them with a high-lipid diet. It has been shown that during this period, metabolism is reorganized in the body for the primary utilization of lipids, accompanied by severe carbohydrate metabolism in the liver and skeletal muscles, activation of lipid peroxidation processes in the induction of catalase activity, and accumulation of the main carbonyl groups of proteins. The revealed restructuring of energy metabolism is supplemented by a two-fold decrease in the physical performance of animals in the test of forced swimming with a load, motor activity and motivational component of the indicative reaction in the «open field» test. The most distinct deterioration of the animals occurs at the end of 3-4 months of modeling of liver steatosis.

The effect of the high fat diets on the morphofunctional state of the liver was studied. The experiments were performed on 19 rats, which for three weeks were intragastrically injected with standard nutrient mixture (control group) or standard nutrient mixture with corn oil (experimental group), which corresponded to the addition to the basic diet of 40% fat content calorie content. It is revealed that high-fat load leads to the formation of steatosis and inflammatory infiltration of the liver.

The purpose of a prospective observational study is to compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of vancomycin, obtained by therapeutic drug monitoring and mathematical modeling of surgical patients with renal dysfunction. A total of 61 patients (men - 47 people, women - 14) aged 60.59 ± 12.23 years were examined. The study participants were divided into two groups: the first with acute renal damage (66.6%), the second without it (33.4%). Equilibrium residual and peak concentrations of vancomycin were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. It was established that the values of the equilibrium residual concentrations of vancomycin after 48 hours from the start of therapy were significantly lower than the values obtained by mathematical modeling in the group of patients with acute renal damage (p=0.004). The values of the equilibrium residual concentrations at the time of completion of vancomycin therapy in groups with acute renal damage (p=0.092) and without it (p=0.087) do not differ significantly. The actual values of the area under the pharmacokinetic curve for 24 hours were significantly higher than the calculated level in the groups with acute renal damage (p=0.011) and close to reliable in the group without it (p=0.056). When equilibrium residual concentrations of 10-15 µg/ml are reached, the ratio of the area under the pharmacokinetic curve for 24 hours to the minimum inhibitory concentration reaches target values (more than 400 µg*h/ml) after 48 hours from the start of therapy and at the time of completion of antibiotic therapy. Differences in the actual values of pharmacokinetic parameters and those obtained by the method of mathematical modeling indicate the need for mandatory use of therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with renal dysfunction.

The present experimental investigation was dedicated to research of indices of heart rate variability in patients with vegetal vascular dystonia of brain. Dynamic changes in cardiac activity in patients with vascular dystonia of the brain differ from the norm in some indicators. It was found out that patients with vegetal vascular dystonia of brain were characterized by increase of cardiac interval duration, all frequency components of heart rate variability, total power spectrum, magnitude variation and decrease of heart rate, vegetative balance, mode amplitude, index of regulatory system effort.

The new method of identification of microorganisms in simple and complex schemes of staining, including differentiation of gram-positive, gram-negative and acid-resistant bacteria using the dye with basic properties based on the ethanol extract of chokeberry, is proposed. The structure of the coloring pigment of the new dye - cyanidine - has the positively charged oxygen that forms donor-acceptor bonds with the copper atom of the copper sulphate. As a result of this interaction, basophilic structures of cells and microorganisms are stained. It should be noted that the chemical structure of cyanidine and of the main microbiological dyes cresil violet and methylene blue have pronounced similarity that confirms the possibility of using a new vegetable dye in microbiological studies.

We investigated the efficacy and safety of dabigatran etexilate and rivaroxaban after subcutaneous administration to rats. Heparin sodium was used as a reference drug. It was revealed that 2 hours following heparin sodium administration (250; 500; 1000 U/kg), dabigatran etexilate (4,0; 5,0; 7,5; 10,0; 15,0 mg/kg) and rivaroxaban (2,5; 5,0; 7,5; 10,0 mg/kg) have pronounced anticoagulant effect. Heparin sodium (1000 U/kg) and rivaroxaban (10,0 mg/kg) caused a significant prolongation of rat tail bleeding time and a critical increase in parameters of blood coagulation. Dabigatran etexilate was shown to be of higher therapeutical possibility than heparin sodium and rivaroxaban. Our results can justify the development of injectable dosage form of dabigatran etexilate. It may be important to improve the treatment of critical states with high risk of disseminated intravascular coagulation in emergency and military conflicts.

Lipoproteins and lipopeptides are amphiphilic compounds. Lipopeptides and their synthetic analogs possess biological activities in vivo , so as immunomodulating, antitumor, antiviral, fungicidal, bactericidal and adjuvant activities. Synthetic lipopeptides (as bacterial analogs) have adjuvant properties, they can cause the production of Th1- and Th2-cytokines, enhance the functional activity of CD8+ T-memory cells and CD4+ T-cell proliferation, which has led to using lipopeptides in the design of vaccine preparations.